![]() ![]() According to the DSM-5, two symptoms out of the following must be present for at least one month ( Tandon et al., 2013): delusions, hallucinations, and disorganised speech. They may also support the development and implementation of new protocols, e.g., in speech and language therapy in persons with schizophrenia in order to improve their communication skills despite the presence of auditory-verbal hallucinations.ĭisorganised speech is one of the three most prominent symptoms of schizophrenia. The mimicking/simulation paradigm may in future help to identify and disentangle the various factors contributing to disorganised speech in schizophrenia. ![]() Anyway, in both cases (mimicked), auditory hallucination appear to contribute to the emergence of disordered speech. These effects were not correlated, suggesting that hallucinations may even affect different levels of linguistic complexity in different ways. In line with reports about real schizophrenia cases in the literature, mimicking auditory-verbal hallucinations affected verbal fluency (switch condition) and sentence production (duration) in a different way than mere noise. This study investigates potential effects in the opposite direction: could the presence of auditory-verbal hallucinations have an effect on speech production? To this end, a recent mimicking/simulation approach was adopted for 40 healthy participants who perceived either white noise or hallucination-like speech recordings during different language production tasks with increasing demands: picture naming, verbal fluency with and without category switch, sentence production, and discourse. Deficits in the internal speech monitor may contribute to the development of auditory-verbal hallucinations. Schizophrenia is characterised foremost by hallucinations, delusions and disorganised speech. 3Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.2Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.Furthermore, based on our simulation results, we propose potential pathology by which A1 can directly contribute to auditory hallucination.Ībnormal gamma rhythms, cholinergic modulation Computational models Inhibitory cell types Schizophrenia.Stefan Heim 1,2,3 *, Stella Polyak 3 and Katja Hußmann 3 In this study, we utilized a computational model of A1 to ask if disrupted cholinergic modulation could underlie abnormal gamma rhythms in schizophrenia. Moreover, A1 receives top-down signals in the gamma frequency band from an adjacent association area (Par2), and cholinergic modulation regulates interactions between A1 and Par2. Such activation pattern of A1 responses during auditory hallucination is consistent with aberrant gamma rhythms in schizophrenia observed during auditory tasks, raising the possibility that the pathology underlying abnormal gamma rhythms can account for auditory hallucination. When auditory stimuli are absent, A1 becomes hyperactive, while A1 responses to auditory stimuli are reduced. The pathophysiology of auditory hallucination, a common symptom of schizophrenia, has yet been understood, but during auditory hallucination, primary auditory cortex (A1) shows paradoxical responses.
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